Understanding appendicitis

by Dr. R.V.Nair
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Dr R. V. Nair is senior consultant in general and laparoscopic Surgery at KIMS Oman Hospital

Appendicitis is a serious illness, and can be life-threatening, if it is not treated in time. Neglected appendicitis can lead to perforation of appendix with general peritonitis and abscesses. Often, it can be life-threatening, and only early reporting to the hospital can save the patient.

Treatment of acute appendicitis is urgent appendectomy. It means urgent removal of the appendix. This can be done by open surgery or laparoscopic surgery. Laparoscopic is now considered better as it requires short stay in hospital and early return to work. However, all cases cannot be done laparoscopically.

Appendicitis is common among all age groups. Technically speaking, appendicitis is inflammation of appendix (a tube-shaped sac attached to, and opening into the lower end of the large intestine in humans and some other mammals) which is a finger like tubular structure at the beginning of large intestine. It typically presents in later childhood, teenage years, young adults, but can occur at any age from infant to very old age.

Appendicitis can result from lumen obstruction, (faecolith, foreign bodies, worms etc.) and infections at other sites (blood born). Symptoms of appendicitis include central abdominal pain (moving to right lower quadrant), vomiting, fever, loss of appetite, diarrhoea, etc. General anaesthesia for laparoscopic surgery and spinal anaesthesia for open surgery are recommended. Laparoscopic surgery requires 2 or 3 days only for recovery. Best ways and precautions to avoid appendicitis include diet rich in fibre contents, with sufficient fluid intake and avoiding constipation.

Acute appendicitis is considered to be the most common cause of abdominal pain and distress in children and teenagers worldwide. Acute appendicitis develops very fast and is much simpler to detect, in most cases it requires immediate surgery.


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